Which file system is commonly used by Windows operating systems?

NTFS, or New Technology File System, is the primary file system used by modern Windows operating systems. It offers numerous advantages that align well with the needs of a typical user, including support for large file sizes and volumes, improved security features such as file permissions and encryption, and efficient disk usage. NTFS also supports advanced features such as disk quotas, file compression, and journaling, which helps protect data integrity by storing changes before they are written to the disk.

While FAT32 is another file system associated with Windows, it is largely considered outdated for modern use, especially for systems needing advanced features. HFS+ is primarily associated with macOS, and ext4 is a file system typically used in Linux environments. Therefore, NTFS stands out as the correct choice for a file system commonly used by Windows operating systems, given its robust feature set and performance capabilities.