Which protocol is commonly associated with the encryption of transmitted data?

The correct answer is Transport Layer Security. This protocol is widely used to secure communications over a computer network by encrypting data as it travels between two endpoints, such as a web server and a browser. TLS provides a secure channel, ensuring confidentiality and integrity of the transmitted information. It operates by implementing a combination of cryptographic algorithms and keys, which protect the data from being intercepted or tampered with by unauthorized parties.

In contrast, Transmission Control Protocol is responsible for ensuring reliable data transmission but does not provide encryption. It manages packet sequencing and error-checking to ensure that data sent over the internet arrives intact, but it does not secure the data itself from being read or altered. Service Set Identifier refers to a network name associated with wireless networks and does not involve encryption protocols. Finally, Solid State Drive is a type of storage device and has no relation to data transmission protocols or encryption. Thus, Transport Layer Security is the appropriate choice for this question, being the protocol specifically designed to encrypt transmitted data.